From ebce0be65f43823b122c2ddbe7da7ce8db77e4b2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Thomas Pietrzak Date: Wed, 3 Nov 2021 20:55:22 +0100 Subject: [PATCH] Chap 2 research questions done --- tex/3-input.tex | 49 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++----------------- 1 file changed, 32 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-) diff --git a/tex/3-input.tex b/tex/3-input.tex index 528c976..0e9a5a1 100644 --- a/tex/3-input.tex +++ b/tex/3-input.tex @@ -260,23 +260,38 @@ In the~\ref{sec:flexiblepens} section I will describe the design of flexible pen %informed choice -Multitouch and gestural are “natural” -\cite{bolt80} - -%Multi-touch and gestural interfaces became mainstream in the last fifteen years with the adoption of smartphones and tablets. -It took two decades for the technology to be ready for consumer electronics products -\cite{wigdor11} - -What does natural really mean? Nature? Leverage our skills? - -\cite{norman10} - -Physical world have constrains that the digital world does not have: teleportation, telekinesis, … -No need to reproduce the physical world, but focus on what we would like to achieve - -mapping between DOFs and objects manipulated - -In the section~\ref{sec:interactionvr} we present interaction techniques in immersive virtual environments. +The term \defword{natural interaction} was already used before multitouch and gestural interaction became mainstream~\cite{bolt80}. +These interaction styles are integrated in ubiquitous consumer electronics products such as smartphones and tablets for more than a decade now. +%It took two decades for the technology to be ready for consumer electronics products +They are nowadays refered to as natural user interfaces or NUI~\cite{wigdor11}. +%Whether it is about food, energy, or interaction, the word \emph{natural} suggests the idea that the object it refers to is good for people, their health, or the environment for example. +%It is the idea that what was made by the nature is better than artificial artifacts, which are made by humans. +The first question is: what do we mean by “natural”? +It primarily refers to waht exists in the nature. +However gestures are not objects that can be found in the wild. +It also refers to what comes to mind, or prior skills. +People have skills in manipulating physical objects that we can leverage in interactive systems. +Yet, people have different backgrounds, skills, and culture. +Therefore what comes to somebody's mind is not necessarily the same than what somebody else is thinking. +The second question is: is it better because it is natural? +This is a vast question because it depend on what metric we would like to optimize: performance, learnability, guessabiity, etc. +There is no general guarantee that gestures improve any of these measures. +Norman discussed the concept of NUIs and concludes that what matters is not whether these interactions are natural or not~\cite{norman10}. +What matters is that it is an alternative interaction modality for the design of interactive systems, and the same usability rules apply. + +Now, if the natural essence of gestural interaction is not an essential benefit for the design of interactive systems, we can think about this modality differently. +%The physical world has constrains that the digital world does not have. +The digital world does not have some of the limitations of the physical world. +For example, we can easily teleport inside a virtual environment. +We can move through objects or even fly. +We can manipulate objects remotely, and independently to their weight, size, or shape. +Hence, when when designing interactive systems with gestural interaction there is no necessity to reproduce the physical world. +We should rather focus on what we would like users to achieve, and optimize metrics such as performance, learnability, and so on. +On a practical point of view, we care about the input vocabulary, the properties we would like to manipulate in the virtual environment, and the mapping between them. +%mapping between DOFs and objects manipulated +For example, in the section~\ref{sec:interactionvr} we present two interaction techniques for immersive virtual environments. +The first one is a selection technique for distant objects. +The second one enable users to select facial expressions for ther avatar without the need to perform the same expression with their own face. %Raycursor, facial expressions -- 2.30.2