From: Thomas Pietrzak <thomas.pietrzak@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 31 Mar 2022 15:31:30 +0000 (+0200)
Subject: closed loop, human-in-the-loop
X-Git-Tag: first-full-draft~35
X-Git-Url: https://git.thomaspietrzak.com/?a=commitdiff_plain;h=d7ca003a089b39bdf4c6145026b05353b44bf299;p=hdr.git

closed loop, human-in-the-loop
---

diff --git a/tex/4-loop.tex b/tex/4-loop.tex
index f9fa0ae..51fa922 100644
--- a/tex/4-loop.tex
+++ b/tex/4-loop.tex
@@ -436,11 +436,27 @@ In my opinion thus is a limitation for the generative aspect of these models, an
 
 \subsection{System architectures and paradigms}
 
-The overall behavior of machines is similar to human behavior: they take inputs, process them and produce an output.
+%The overall behavior of machines is similar to human behavior: they take inputs, process them and produce an output.
 %However the way they behave this way and most importantly the purpose of their behavior is different.
-However, the way this process runs is different.
+%However, the way this process runs is different.
+
+Studying human behavior is useful for the design of machines for several reasons.
+The first reason is to reproduce the strengths of humans.
+For example in the previous section we discussed the fundamental coupling between humans' perception and action.
+Systems called \defword{closed-loop systems}\footurl{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_system} also leverage such a mechanism.
+For example the non-inverting and inverting amplifiers circuit depicted on \reffig{fig:amplifiers} have the output of their operational amplifier connected to one of its input through a resistor.
+The output voltage is proportional to the input voltage whose value depends on $R_1$ and $R_2$.
+But most importantly, the feedback loop stabilizes the output voltage to the desired value.
+This kind of control mechanism is used in many applications such as robots, domestic appliances, or drones.
+It is also used in haptic devices that leverage information from people with \defword{Human-in-the-loop} models~\cite{vanderlinde02}.
+
+NOT OUR FOCUS
+
+\input{figures/amplifiers.tex}
+
+\todo{Interest in human behavior for the design of interactive systems: 1) take inspiration of ot and reproduce a similar behavior. 2) make a better connection between humans and systems}
+
 
-\paragraph{Computation}
 
 Computers and programs are based on theoretical models such as $\lambda$-calculus~\cite{church32} or Turing machines~\cite{turing38}.
 These are computing models, and they focus on solving numerical problem.
@@ -501,17 +517,15 @@ On the application level, a graphics loop gets an input stream of graphic comman
 Therefore, applications are what Wegner calls \defwords{interaction machines}{interaction machine}~\cite{wegner97}.
 %\defwords{Neural networks}{neural network} are other examples of interaction machines: they also get input streams and produce output streams~\cite{mcculloch43}.
 
-In the previous section we discussed the fundamental coupling between humans' perception and action.
-Systems called \defword{closed-loop systems}\footurl{https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_system} also leverage such a mechanism.
-For example the non-inverting and inverting amplifiers circuit depicted on \reffig{fig:amplifiers} have the output of their operational amplifier connected to one of its input through a resistor.
-The output voltage is proportional to the input voltage whose value depends on $R_1$ and $R_2$.
-But most importantly, the feedback loop stabilizes the output voltage to the desired value.
-This kind of mechanism is used in many applications such as robots or drones control.
-%Human-in-the-loop
-
-\input{figures/amplifiers.tex}
+Software models describe the connection between input, output, and computing.
+PAC \cite{coutaz87}
+Arch \cite{arch92}
+MVC \cite{reenskaug79,reenskaug79a}
+Seeheim \cite{green85}
 
+adaptations of Norman's theory
 
+\input{figures/sevenstages2.tex}
 
 
 \todo{Maybe move stuff below to the discussion…}
@@ -561,12 +575,6 @@ They process data and perform operations with this knowledge and behavior state
 Pb: it reacts always the same way to the same entries. Humans tend to evolve. => ML?
 Flexibility? Adaptability?
 
-
-PAC \cite{coutaz87}
-Arch \cite{arch92}
-MVC \cite{reenskaug79,reenskaug79a}
-Seeheim \cite{green85}
-
 Différent ? Ou pas ?
 (Not only machines behavior is behavior is different than human behavior), but most importantly the purpose of their behavior is different.
 
@@ -629,8 +637,6 @@ In this project, we explained how to adapt the concept of direct manipulation to
 
 \section{Ecological approach to computing}
 
-\input{figures/sevenstages2.tex}
-
 \input{figures/interactingloops.tex}
 
 \input{figures/wholeschema.tex}