Therefore we investigated the non-isomorphic control of face expressions, with interaction techniques \cite{baloup21}.
The fine control of face expressions requires many degrees of freedom.
-The FACS standard defines 24 Action Units \cite{ekman78}, and the MPEG-4 proposes 68 Facial Animation Parameters\cite{pandzic03}.
+For example, the FACS standard defines 24 Action Units \cite{ekman78}, and the MPEG-4 proposes 68 Facial Animation Parameters\cite{pandzic03}.
Therefore we propose to reduce the number of degrees of freedom by decomposing the selection of a face expression into several sub-tasks, similarly to Bowman's decomposition of 3D interaction tasks \cite{bowman04}.
The sub-tasks are: selecting a face expression, its intensity, duration, and ending.
The selection consists in choosing a face expression among a list of pre-defined expressions.
The visual representation of face expressions in our techniques use emojis.
We made this choice because they are frequently used in messaging and social networks.
-Also, people can identify them even with a small size.
+Also, people can identify them even small versions of them.
%Some of them represent emotions.
If we restrict face expressions corresponding to emotions, we can leverage models of emotions such as PAD \cite{mehrabian96} or Plutchik's wheel of emotions \cite{plutchik01}.
The layout of our pie menu selection technique is adapted from Plutchik's wheel, which organizes emotions along 8 axes representing 8 base emotions.
The fourth technique creates a visible elastic band between the selected expression and the selection ray.
The intensity is mapped to the length of the elastic band.
This technique requires a ray to which the elastic band is attached, therefore it cannot be used with a subset ot the face expression selection techniques.
-The last technique only work with pie menu techniques, and map the intensity to the distance to the center of the menu.
+The last technique only works with pie menu techniques, and maps the intensity to the distance to the center of the menu.
Our evaluations show a subjective preference of the elastic band, trigger, and orientation techniques over the shake technique.
We evaluated the usability of the pie menu with a raycasting selection and an intensity control with the elastic band.