\newcommand\phdyear{2008}
\newcommand\yearssincephd{\the\numexpr \the\year - \phdyear \relax} % F=m*a
+Intro générale.
This manuscript starts where my Ph.D. manuscript ended, \yearssincephd~years ago.
The objective of my research was to use haptics to help visually impaired children at school.
This was an estimation of the throughput of this communication channel.
Finally, I designed a multimodal API~\cite{pietrzak07b} to use these output modalities along with sound and 3D graphics.
+The first chapter…
+
+Input…
+The second chapter
+
During the committee questions after my defense presentation, Yves Guiard talked for 15 minutes to tell me how he “liked my work but does not agree”.
This was the most exciting moment of my defense.
To this day we still talk about that each time we have the chance to meet.
It enabled users to scan components and deduce their type.
Passive exploration Tactons were used at joints, in which users could query the adjacent directions, and help them to explore the topology of circuits.
+The third chapter.
From Ancient Greek {\mygreek ἁπτικός} (haptikós, “able to come in contact with”), from {\mygreek ἅπτω} (háptō, “to touch”) + {\mygreek -ικός} (-ikós, “suffix forming an adjective from a noun”)\footnote{\href{https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/haptic}{https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/haptic}}.