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@@ -230,11 +230,27 @@ In the section~\ref{sec:lagmeter} of this chapter I will discuss a method and me
 
 \subsection{Input vocabulary}
 
-lexical, syntactic, semantic
-
-combination, size
-
-=> Flexible pens, finger identification
+The input vocabulary follows a similar structure than the output vocabulary.
+We describe it with the lexical, syntactic, and semantic levels of languages as well.
+I typically explain this with the example of the computer mouse because everybody used it and knows its interactive language.
+Its lexical elements are \defwords{degrees of freedom}{degree of freedom} (DOF): x-y motion and button presses and releases.
+They have associated data: relative displacement value on both axes, and the ID of the button that was pressed or released.
+The syntactic level consists in assembling these elements to form input phrases.
+A clic is a button press followed by the release of the same button.
+There are many variations, typically a double clic that repeats a clic twice, or half-clics that replace the release by dwell.
+Finally, the semantic level associates input phrases to commands and parameters.
+For example a press on an object followed by a movement and a release on another object is typically interpreted as moving the first object into the second one.
+
+When designing a new input device, we have to specify its DOFs, their type, range, precision, and if they are integrated with each other~\cite{mackinlay90}.
+For example, the x and y DOFs of a mouse are integrated because users control them together with a single movement.
+%The USB HID descriptor of a mouse tells the host computer information such as the range of the values it sends, the logical values it maps to, the state of the buttons, as well as the frequency at which it sends packets.
+%Such information is specific to every input device.
+The design process of an input device consists in cycles between engineering and evaluation in order to choose and document this information related to DOFs.
+In the~\ref{sec:flexiblepens} section I will describe the design of flexible pens, and in the section~\ref{sec:fingeridentification} I will explain the design of interaction techniques for multi-touch interaction with finger identification.
+
+%design of an input device requires evaluations of the users' ability to manipulate it.
+%Not only this evaluation guides the design of the device, but it also validates…
+%=> Flexible pens, finger identification
 
 \subsection{Engineering and evaluation of input techniques and devices}